How To Be an Expatriate: Your Guide to Moving to the US
Have you ever dreamed of starting a new life in a foreign country filled with exciting job opportunities, local culture, and endless opportunities to explore? Learning how to be an expatriate in the United States might be the adventure you’re seeking.
But moving abroad is more than just packing your bags and booking a flight. It’s about planning, adapting, and finding your place in both your new country and the local community.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through every step of the expat journey, from choosing where to live and mastering a new language to handling important paperwork and finding local friends. Ready to start your expat adventure? Fasten your seat belt now!
Before exploring the logistics of moving overseas, it’s important to understand what it truly means to become an expat. An expat, short for expatriate, chooses to live abroad in a new country, often temporarily, to work abroad, study abroad, or for personal exploration.
Unlike immigrants, who typically intend to settle abroad permanently and gain citizenship, expats may only stay up to one year or for a set period before returning to their home country or moving on to other countries.
Being an expat is all about embracing a new culture while staying connected to your native country, blending the best of both worlds for a unique expat lifestyle.
The US remains one of the most popular destination countries for expats, and it’s not hard to see why. Here are some of the top reasons to start your expat adventure in America:
Diverse job opportunities: From Silicon Valley’s tech hubs to New York’s finance sector, the US is home to countless industries and business environments.
Cultural immersion: Experience a new culture through food, festivals, and local customs in one of the world’s most diverse countries.
High-quality education: The US offers many prestigious schools and universities for international students or families settling in with children.
Personal growth: Stepping outside your comfort zone builds resilience, language skills, and a global perspective that lasts a lifetime.
Network of other expats: Many US cities have thriving expat communities where you can meet fellow expats and international friends to support you on your journey.
Getting your paperwork in order is a crucial first step before you even think about packing your bags. The US has specific visa requirements and documentation that you'll need to sort out well in advance, and having hard copies on hand is essential in case digital versions aren’t accepted.
Key documents you’ll need include:
Passport: Ensure it's valid for up to one year or longer, depending on your stay.
Visa: Depending on whether you’re moving for work abroad, school, or personal reasons, you’ll need a specific visa type (more on this later).
Work permits: If you plan to work abroad, ensure the right work authorization backs your job offer.
Health insurance: The US doesn’t have universal healthcare, so arranging international health insurance or private health insurance is a must.
Proof of finances: Bank statements or financial proof to show you can support yourself (some visas require this).
International driver’s license: If you plan to drive, this can make settling in easier.
Academic records and professional certifications: Having certified copies of diplomas, transcripts, and certifications can be vital for international students or professionals.
Tip: Keep hard copies of everything in a secure, easy-to-access folder, and consider digital backups in cloud storage for added security.
Choosing where to start your expat adventure in the US isn’t just about picking a spot on the map. It’s about finding the right state and city that match your circumstances, lifestyle, and long-term goals.
The US is huge and diverse, with each region offering a different expat experience. You must weigh your options carefully, from urban centers to laid-back coastal towns.
When deciding on your destination country, or in this case, which part of the US to settle in, here are some key factors to compare:
Rent
Taxes
Transport system
Job prospects
Healthcare
Before committing to a move, visiting your chosen city as a tourist is a great way to get a feel for daily life. Explore neighborhoods, check out grocery stores, public transportation, and local hangouts.
Pay attention to the local language, cultural differences, and overall vibe. Does it feel like a place where you could imagine building a new life?
If a visit isn’t possible, explore digital nomad groups, expat communities, and city guides online. Many experienced expats share their stories and insights on forums and blogs, which can give you a more realistic look at what to expect.
While the "best city" depends on your circumstances, here’s a quick breakdown of some of the most popular US cities for expats:
New York City, New York: A global powerhouse filled with job opportunities, iconic landmarks, and expat communities from many countries. The living costs are high, but the energy is unmatched.
Los Angeles, California: Perfect for creatives, entrepreneurs, and those who love sunshine. The business environment is strong for entertainment, tech, and start-ups.
Austin, Texas: A rising star for tech jobs, live music, and lower living costs compared to coastal cities. It’s known for its welcoming vibe and local culture.
Seattle, Washington: Great for tech professionals and nature lovers. It boasts a strong economy and stunning scenery, though it’s known for rainy weather.
Miami, Florida: A multicultural hub with Latin American influences, beaches, and no state income tax, making it particularly attractive to retirees, digital nomads, and expats looking to exclude foreign-earned income from state taxation.
Chicago, Illinois: Known for its friendly Midwestern charm, vibrant arts scene, and diverse business environment, though winters can be tough.
Boston, Massachusetts: A top choice for international students and healthcare professionals. It’s home to world-renowned universities and hospitals.
Denver, Colorado: Perfect for outdoor enthusiasts who still want access to urban amenities. It’s growing rapidly and has a strong job market.
Each city offers a unique expat experience, from culture shock to new friends. With the right research and preparation, you’ll find your place.
When moving to the US, you’ll need the right visa to stay legally. Whether pursuing work, studying, or joining a family, getting your paperwork in order is a critical step in your expat journey.
While a visa does not immediately grant citizenship or permanent residency, it is the key to starting a new life in the US.
The US offers a variety of visas depending on your purpose for moving. Here are some common options:
Work visas (H-1B, L-1, O-1): For professionals with job offers or specialized skills
Student visas (F-1, M-1): Those enrolling in a US educational institution
Family-based visas: If you have close family members who are US citizens or permanent residents
Investor or business visas (E-2, EB-5): For entrepreneurs planning to start or invest in a US business
Exchange visas (J-1): For cultural exchange programs, internships, or temporary training
If you’re aiming for long-term permanent residency (a Green Card), you’ll likely need to start with a temporary visa first. Understanding the path from visa to residency can help you plan for your future.
Once you’ve chosen the right visa, it’s time to explore the application process. This typically involves:
Filling out forms: Each visa has its own set of forms, like the DS-160 for temporary visas or Form I-130 for family-based visas.
Paying fees: Visa application fees range from around $160 for tourist and student visas to several thousand dollars for more complex work or investor visas.
Gathering documents: You’ll need proof of your intent (e.g., a job offer, school acceptance letter, financial documents).
Attending an interview: Most applicants must attend a visa interview at the US Embassy or Consulate in their home country.
It’s smart to start this process as early as possible, as wait times can vary from weeks to months. Once approved, you’re officially one step closer to your expat adventure.
A successful expat life in the US isn’t just about having a job or a place to stay; you’ll also need a solid handle on your finances.
Financial prep is essential, from understanding the cost of living to setting up international money transfers.
The US isn’t a one-size-fits-all destination when it comes to expenses. The cost of living varies widely between states and cities.
Big cities (New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles): High housing costs but more job opportunities and cultural experiences
Smaller cities (Austin, Raleigh, Denver): More affordable rent and lifestyle while offering a strong economy
Suburbs and rural areas: Lower costs, but you may need a car, and access to job markets could be limited
Budget for:
Rent or mortgage: A one-bedroom apartment in New York City might cost $3,000+ a month, while the same in Raleigh, North Carolina, could be around $1,300.
Utilities: Electricity, water, and internet can add another $150–$300 monthly.
Healthcare: Unlike many countries, US healthcare is mostly private. Depending on your plan, you’ll need health insurance for expats, which could range from $300 to $600+ per month.
Daily expenses: Food, transportation, and entertainment vary. In most cities, a basic meal out might cost $15–$20.
Handling money from abroad can get tricky, especially with bank fees and exchange rates cutting into your funds. To make the process smoother:
Open a US bank account: This will help you receive paychecks, pay bills, and avoid foreign transaction fees.
Use international transfer services: Companies like Wise (formerly TransferWise), Revolut, or PayPal offer better rates than traditional banks.
Consider multi-currency accounts: Some banks in your home country may offer accounts holding local currency and USD, simplifying transfers.
Taxes can be complicated, and as an expat, you may owe taxes in both the US and your home country.
US taxes: If you work in the US, you’ll likely pay federal income tax (10% to 37%, depending on income), state taxes (0% to 13.3%), and Social Security/Medicare taxes (around 7.65%).
Foreign tax obligations: Many countries have tax agreements with the US to avoid double taxation. Check if your home country is one of them.
FBAR reporting: If you hold over $10,000 in a foreign bank account at any time during the year, you must file a Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR).
It’s worth consulting a tax advisor experienced in expat finances to ensure compliance and avoid penalties.
The US healthcare system is known for being high-quality but notoriously expensive. As an expat, understanding the system's workings is essential to avoid surprise medical bills and ensure you get the necessary care.
Unlike many countries with universal healthcare, the US primarily relies on private health insurance. Without coverage, a simple doctor’s visit can cost $100–$200, while an emergency room visit could easily run into the thousands.
Here’s what you need to know:
Employer-sponsored insurance: If you’re moving to the US for work, your employer may offer health coverage as part of your job package.
Private health insurance: If you’re self-employed or don’t get coverage through work, you can buy your plan.
International expat health insurance: Companies like WellAway offer tailored plans that cover expats in the US. Check out WellAway’s website for more information.
Public programs (Medicare/Medicaid): Generally, these programs are reserved for US citizens, permanent residents, or those who meet specific criteria, meaning most expats won’t qualify.
Pro tip: Ensure your health insurance covers pre-existing conditions and includes emergency evacuation, just in case you need to return home for medical care.
Even if you speak some English, daily life in the US may challenge you in new ways, from navigating legal documents to making small talk at work. Improving your English can help you settle in faster and feel more connected to your community.
The fastest way to improve your English? Immerse yourself in the culture.
Join local events: Farmers' markets, festivals, or community meetups are fun ways to meet people and practice English in a relaxed setting.
Watch TV shows and listen to podcasts: American entertainment is everywhere, with light-hearted shows using conversational English.
Take a language class: Many community centers or libraries offer affordable ESL (English as a Second Language) courses.
Use language apps: Apps like Duolingo or Memrise can help you practice on the go.
Remember, it’s not just about grammar. Understanding slang, accents, and cultural norms will help you feel more confident interacting with locals.
Unless you’re moving with a job already lined up, securing employment in the US can be a critical part of settling in.
In the US, who you know can be as important as what you know. Building a network can open doors to job opportunities that aren’t publicly advertised.
Attend industry events: Look for career fairs or networking events in your city.
Join professional groups: Websites like Meetup and LinkedIn have groups for almost every industry.
Connect with other expats: Fellow expats can be a great source of advice and job leads. Check out expat forums or social media groups.
Reach out directly: It’s common in the US to cold email companies you’re interested in, even if they’re not advertising jobs. A thoughtful, personalized email can make you stand out.
With persistence and a strong network, you’ll be on your way to landing a job and creating a career in your new home.
Choosing where to live is one of the most exciting and challenging parts of becoming an expat in the US. The US offers many lifestyles and environments, from cities to quiet suburbs. Before signing a lease or packing, here’s what you should consider.
It’s tempting to find your dream home online and sign a lease before you arrive, but resist that urge. The reality of a neighborhood or apartment might feel very different in person than it looks in photos.
Here’s why renting first is smarter:
Get a feel for the area: Spend time exploring the neighborhood. Is it safe? Convenient? Does it match your lifestyle?
Test the commute: Drive or take public transport to work, grocery stores, or entertainment spots.
Avoid costly mistakes: A short-term rental gives you flexibility if you realize the area isn’t the right fit.
Look for websites that offer short-term rental options. This will make finding a temporary home easier while deciding where to settle for the long term.
Relocating your entire life to a new country is no small task, and shipping your belongings to the US can be complex and costly.
Consider these options:
International moving companies: Companies like Allied International or Mayflower specialize in global relocations, handling everything from packing to customs clearance.
Freight shipping: For larger moves, container shipping may be more cost-effective.
Luggage shipping services: If traveling light, services like Send My Bag can deliver suitcases or boxes directly to your new home.
Storage solutions: If you're not ready to bring everything over, renting a storage unit back home might be a better option.
Remember to insure your belongings during the move. Accidents happen, and you don’t want to arrive in the US to find your valuables damaged or missing.
If you’re considering buying property in the US, it’s crucial to understand the legal landscape for foreign buyers. The good news? Expats can buy property, but there are a few things to keep in mind:
No citizenship requirement: You don’t need to be a US citizen to buy property.
Financing may be tricky: Many US banks require a US credit history for mortgages, which can be a barrier for new expats. Cash buyers may find the process smoother.
Property taxes apply: Be prepared for annual property taxes, which vary by state (and sometimes city).
Rental restrictions: Are you planning to rent your property while you’re away? Some neighborhoods or buildings restrict short-term rentals, such as Airbnb.
It’s wise to consult a local real estate attorney to help you navigate any legal hurdles, especially if you’re buying property from overseas.
Understanding local laws is essential for staying safe and avoiding trouble in your new home. The US has a complex legal system that varies by state; what’s legal in one place might be illegal in another. Let’s cover the key things you need to know.
The US is generally safe for expats, but it's smart to stay alert and prepared like you would anywhere. Here’s how to protect yourself:
Know emergency numbers: Dial 911 for police, fire, or medical emergencies.
Stay alert: Be mindful of your surroundings, especially in unfamiliar areas. Avoid displaying valuables like expensive jewelry or electronics in public.
If you’re mugged, your safety comes first. Give up your belongings without resistance. Report the incident to the police immediately. They can help you file a report for insurance or identity theft protection.
Self-defense laws: Rules on carrying pepper spray or other self-defense tools vary by state, so check local regulations before buying anything for protection.
Many cities also have neighborhood watch programs or community safety apps like Citizen or Nextdoor that inform you about local incidents.
Planning to drive in the US? Traffic laws can differ between states and cities, and the penalties for breaking them can be steep. Here’s a quick breakdown:
International Driver’s Permit (IDP): Many states allow you to drive with an IDP, paired with your home country’s license, for a limited time (usually 6 to 12 months). After that, you’ll need a US state driver’s license.
Seat belts and car seats: Seat belts are mandatory for all passengers. If you’re moving with children, car seat laws depend on the child’s age, height, and weight, and these rules differ between states.
Right on red: In most states, you can turn right on a red light after a complete stop unless a sign says otherwise.
Speed limits: Highways usually range from 55 to 75 mph (about 88 to 120 km/h), but speed limits drop significantly in residential areas and school zones.
DUI laws: Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is strictly enforced. The legal blood alcohol limit is typically 0.08%, and penalties can include heavy fines, license suspension, or even jail time.
If you’re unsure about local traffic rules, the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) state websites provide detailed guides and driver handbooks.
Moving to a new country can initially feel lonely, but finding a support network can make all the difference.
Join expat communities: Websites like Internations, Meetup, and Facebook groups help you connect with other expats and locals who share your interests.
Attend events: Look for language exchanges, cultural festivals, or professional networking events to meet people naturally.
Pick up a hobby: Whether it’s yoga, hiking, or volunteering, pursuing activities you enjoy makes it easier to build friendships.
Be proactive: Don’t be afraid to make the first move. Invite someone for coffee, ask about local tips, or join workplace social gatherings, people are usually friendlier than you think.
Building relationships takes time, but soon enough, you’ll have a circle of friends that feels like home.
If you’re moving with your family, helping them adjust is as important as finding your rhythm.
For families with children, finding the right school is a top priority. The US education system offers several options:
Public schools: Free, but enrollment is usually based on your residential address.
Private schools: Sometimes, they have a short number within the class and offer unique learning programs, but tuition fees can be quite high.
International schools: Great for expat kids who may continue their education in other countries. Some schools offer globally recognized programs like the International Baccalaureate (IB).
Many parents also consider bilingual schools or specialized programs to help children adapt more smoothly to the language and culture.
Staying connected with loved ones makes the transition easier, especially during the first few months, when homesickness can strike hard.
Time zone apps: Tools like World Time Buddy help you schedule calls without waking anyone up at 3 a.m.
Video calls: Services like WhatsApp, Zoom, and FaceTime make face-to-face chats easy and free.
Care packages: Receiving a taste of home, such as snacks, clothes, or souvenirs, can be a big comfort, and international shipping services make this easier than ever.
Family visits: Start planning a visit for your family to come and see your new life, it gives everyone something to look forward to.
With the right balance of independence and connection, you’ll feel rooted in the US while staying close to the people you love.
Becoming an expat in the US is a rewarding, life-changing experience, but it requires careful planning and attention to practical considerations. From navigating visa requirements, managing tax obligations, embracing cultural differences, and building a strong network, the journey to a fulfilling new life in a foreign country is an adventure worth taking.
Your expat adventure is waiting. Are you ready to embrace life abroad in the US? For more resources, tips, and expert advice on moving abroad and making the most of your time abroad, visit WellAway and start planning your next chapter today!